ABSTRACT
Abstract The objective of this research was to identify the best microorganisms, alone or in mixture for total biomass gain (root + shoot), positive change in gas exchange, nutrient uptake (root, shoot and grain) and yield and yield components in the soybean crop. Trial under greenhouse conditions had the experimental design in a completely randomized scheme with 26 treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of the rhizobacteria BRM 32109, BRM 32110 and 1301 (Bacillus sp.), BRM 32111 and BRM 32112 (Pseudomonas sp.), BRM 32113 (Burkholderia sp.), BRM 32114 (Serratia sp.), Ab-V5 (Azospirillum brasilense) and 1381 (Azospirillum sp.), and the fungus Trichoderma asperellum (a mix of the isolates UFRA.T06, UFRA.T09, UFRA.T12 and UFRA.T52). Besides, the same isolates were combined in pairs, completing 16 combinations. Control treatments received no microorganism. Microorganisms applied isolated or in combination, provided biomass gain, positive gas exchange, increases in nutrients uptake at the shoot and grain, and improved grain yield and its components than control plants. Stood out the combination Ab-V5 + T. asperellum pool, which provided a 25% improvement in grain yield.
Subject(s)
Seeds/growth & development , Glycine max/growth & development , Glycine max/microbiology , BiomassABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Phytoalexins are compounds that have been studied a few years ago, which present mainly antimicrobial activity. The plants of the family Poaceae are the most geographically widespread and stand out for their economic importance, once they are cereals used as staple food. This family stands out for having a variety of phytoalexins, which can be synthesized via the shikimic acid (the phenylpropanoids), or mevalonic acid, being considered terpenoid phytoalexins. The characterization of these compounds with antimicrobial activity is carried out using chromatographic techniques, and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry are the most efficient methods in this process. This research aimed to present an approach of the function, characterization and biosynthesis of phytoalexins in plants of the family Poaceae.
RESUMO: As fitoalexinas são compostos que vêm sendo estudados há alguns anos, apresentando principalmente atividade antimicrobiana. As plantas da família Poaceae são as geograficamente mais difundidas e se destacam por sua importância econômica, uma vez que são os cereais que compõe a base da alimentação, em todos os continentes. Essa família se destaca por apresentar uma variedade de fitoalexinas, sendo que as mais importantes são sintetizadas a partir da via do ácido chiquímico. A caracterização desses compostos com atividade antimicrobiana é realizada por meio de técnicas cromatográficas, sendo que a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC) acoplada com espectrometria de massas é a técnica mais eficiente nesse processo. O trabalho apresenta como objetivo uma abordagem da função, caracterização, biossíntese e aplicações das fitoalexinas em plantas da família Poaceae.